@article {Delaunay1700050, author = {Myriam Delaunay and Jacques Cadranel and Am{\'e}lie Lusque and Nicolas Meyer and Val{\'e}rie Gounant and Denis Moro-Sibilot and Jean-Marie Michot and Judith Raimbourg and Nicolas Girard and Florian Guisier and David Planchard and Anne-C{\'e}cile Metivier and Pascale Tomasini and Eric Dansin and Maurice P{\'e}rol and Marion Campana and Oliver Gautschi and Martin Fr{\"u}h and Jean-David Fumet and Clarisse Audigier-Valette and S{\'e}bastien Couraud and St{\'e}phane Dalle and Marie-Th{\'e}r{\`e}se Leccia and Marion Jaffro and Samia Collot and Gr{\'e}goire Pr{\'e}vot and Julie Milia and Julien Mazieres}, title = {Immune-checkpoint inhibitors associated with interstitial lung disease in cancer patients}, volume = {50}, number = {2}, elocation-id = {1700050}, year = {2017}, doi = {10.1183/13993003.00050-2017}, publisher = {European Respiratory Society}, abstract = {Immunotherapy is becoming a standard of care for many cancers. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) can generate immune-related adverse events. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) has been identified as a rare but potentially severe event.Between December 2015 and April 2016, we conducted a retrospective study in centres experienced in ICI use. We report the main features of ICI{\textendash}ILD with a focus on clinical presentation, radiological patterns and therapeutic strategies.We identified 64 (3.5\%) out of 1826 cancer patients with ICI{\textendash}ILD. Patients mainly received programmed cell death-1 inhibitors. ILD usually occurred in males, and former or current smokers, with a median age of 59 years. We observed 65.6\% grade 2/3 severity, 9.4\% grade 4 severity and 9.4\% fatal ILD. The median (range) time from initiation of immunotherapy to ILD was 2.3 (0.2-27.4) months. Onset tended to occur earlier in lung cancer versus melanoma: median 2.1 and 5.2 months, respectively (p=0.02). Ground-glass opacities (81.3\%) were the predominant lesions, followed by consolidations (53.1\%). Organising pneumonia (23.4\%) and hypersensitivity pneumonitis (15.6\%) were the most common patterns. Overall survival at 6 months was 58.1\% (95\% CI 37.7{\textendash}73.8\%).ICI{\textendash}ILD often occurs early and displays suggestive radiological features. As there is no clearly identified risk factor, oncologists need to diagnose and adequately treat this adverse event.Awareness of clinical/radiological presentation of immunotherapy-related pneumonitis is crucial to ensure a diagnosis http://ow.ly/eIMF30bgolf}, issn = {0903-1936}, URL = {https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/50/2/1700050}, eprint = {https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/50/2/1700050.full.pdf}, journal = {European Respiratory Journal} }