TY - JOUR T1 - Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated interstitial lung diseases: some progress but still many issues JF - European Respiratory Journal JO - Eur Respir J DO - 10.1183/13993003.01319-2017 VL - 50 IS - 2 SP - 1701319 AU - David Montani AU - Andrei Seferian AU - Florence Parent AU - Marc Humbert Y1 - 2017/08/01 UR - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/50/2/1701319.abstract N2 - Immunotherapy for cancer management is an old concept in which therapeutic agents are used to modulate immune cells rather than directly target cancer cells. However, it is the recent discovery of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), and programmed cell death protein (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 that represents the latest major advance in cancer therapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are monoclonal antibodies blocking CTLA-4 (ipilimumab and tremelimumab), PD-1 (nivolumab and pembrolizumab) and PD-L1 (atezolizumab, durvalumab and avelumab). By unbalancing the immune system, immune checkpoint blockade also has a specific set of toxicities by favouring the development of dysimmune manifestations, also termed immune-related adverse events [1].Immune checkpoint inhibitor use is increasing so clinicians must be aware of autoimmune complications especially ILD http://ow.ly/UCQU30dkg2M ER -