Adiposity | n=188 | n=173 |
Body fat % | 34.2±7.7 | 34.9±7.5 | 0.8±3.9 | 21.9±5.7 | 23.3±5.5 | 1.5±3.2 |
BMI kg·m−2 | 25.8±5.6 | 26.4±5.6 | 0.6±2.8 | 26.9±4.2 | 27.6±4.3 | 0.6±2.1 |
Waist circumference cm | 79.5±11.5 | 80.2±11.0 | 0.7±6.6 | 89.6±9.2 | 90.7±10.0 | 1.5±5.6 |
Trunk fat mass kg | 13.0±6.5 | 13.5±6.3 | 0.5±3.2 | 11.5±4.4 | 12.6±4.4 | 1.0±2.5 |
Respiratory function | | | | | | |
Spirometry | n=187 | n=173 |
FEV1 L | 3.41±0.42 | 3.19±0.40 | −0.21±0.18 | 4.56±0.58 | 4.28±0.56 | −0.28±0.25 |
FVC L | 4.21±0.54 | 4.07±0.52 | −0.15±0.22 | 5.77±0.70 | 5.53±0.71 | −0.24±0.29 |
FEV1/FVC % | 81.0±5.1 | 78.7±5.2 | −2.3±3.0 | 79.1±5.3 | 77.6±5.5 | −1.5±2.7 |
Plethysmography | n=184 | n=169–170 |
TLC L | 5.56±0.65 | 5.64±0.71 | 0.09±0.26 | 7.39±0.88 | 7.45±0.94 | 0.07±0.36 |
FRC L | 2.79±0.56 | 2.57±0.57 | −0.23±0.40 | 3.36±0.74 | 3.10±0.72 | −0.26±0.56 |
RV L | 1.31±0.30 | 1.55±0.37 | 0.23±0.27 | 1.57±0.37 | 1.85±0.40 | 0.28±0.33 |
Gas transfer | n=174 | n=164 |
TLCO mmol·min−1·kPa−1 | 8.12±1.29 | 7.69±1.10 | −0.43±0.88 | 12.0±1.86 | 11.1±1.70 | −0.85±1.26 |
TLCO/VA mmol·min−1·kPa−1·L−1 | 1.56±0.22 | 1.54±0.21 | −0.02±0.17 | 1.70±0.25 | 1.66±0.22 | −0.04±0.19 |