Abstract
Hypersomnia is a frequent reason for sleep consultation request and often the etiologic diagnosis is difficult to make.
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether there is a relation between clinical data, multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) findings and polysomnography (PSG) parameters and the etiological diagnosis of hypersomnia that could aid diagnosis achievement.
Retrospective study of patients observed in our outpatient sleep consultation between 2011 and 2013 with clinical diagnosis of hypersomnia. All patients performed PSG and MSLT. We performed a comparative analysis of gender, age, BMI, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), MSLT data (mean sleep latency and SOREM number) and PSG parameters between different hypersomnia diagnoses: idiopathic hypersomnia (IH), insufficient sleep syndrome (ISS), narcolepsy, depressive disorder (DD), sleep-related movement disorders (SRMD), circadian rhythm sleep disorders (CRSD), insomnia and sleep apnea syndrome (SAS).
We included 85 patients, mostly female (n=46, 54.1%), with a mean age of 49.5+12.8 years. More frequent diagnoses were IH (N=20, 23.5%), DD (N=19, 22.4%) and ISS (N=13, 15.3%). We found significant differences respecting gender (IH and DD associated with female gender vs. ISS and CRSD with male, p=0.001); age (insomnia and ISS associated with younger age versus SAS and narcolepsy, p=0.001); sleep efficiency (p=0.007) and No-REM sleep latency (p=0.002), both higher in narcolepsy and ISS and lower in insomnia. No differences were found on the remaining data analyzed between different diagnoses.
Most of the clinical, MSLT and PSG data were not associated with the etiological diagnosis of hypersomnia, being essential the realization of a good medical history.
- © 2014 ERS