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Published online before print July 26, 2006
Eur Respir J 2006, doi:10.1183/09031936.06.00110305
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Breath condenser coatings affect measurement of biomarkers in exhaled breath condensate

P.P. Rosias 1*, C.M. Robroeks 2, H.J. Niemarkt 2, A.D. Kester 3, J.H. Vernooy 4, J. Suykerbuyk 2, J. Teunissen 2, J. Heynens 5, H.J. Hendriks 2, Q. Jöbsis 2, E. Dompeling 2

1 Dept of paediatric Pulmonology, University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands; and Dept of paediatrics, Maasland Hospital, Sittard, the Netherlands
2 Dept of paediatric Pulmonology, University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
3 Dept of Methodology and Statistics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
4 Dept of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
5 Dept of paediatrics, Maasland Hospital, Sittard, the Netherlands

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: p.rosias{at}orbisconcern.nl.


  Abstract

Exhaled breath condensate collection is not yet standardized. Biomarker measurements are often close to lower detection-limits. We hypothesized that adhesive properties of different condenser coatings interfere with measurements of eicosanoids and proteins in condensate.

In vitro, condensate was derived from a collection-model using two test solutions (8-isoprostane, albumin) and five condenser coatings respectively (silicone, glass, aluminum, polypropylene, teflon). In vivo, condensate was collected using these five coatings and the EcoScreen®-condenser to measure 8-isoprostane, and three coatings (silicone, glass, EcoScreen®) to measure albumin.

In vitro, silicone and glass coatings had significantly higher albumin recovery compared with the other coatings (p=0.03). A similar trend was observed for 8-isoprostane recovery (p=0.09). In vivo, median (interquartile range) 8-isoprostane concentrations were significantly higher using silicone (9.2 pg·ml-1 (IQR:18.8), p<0.001) or glass (3.0 pg·ml-1 (IQR:4.5), p<0.02) coating compared with aluminum (0.5 pg·ml-1, IQR:2.4), polypropylene (0.5 pg·ml-1, IQR:0.5), teflon (0.5 pg·ml-1, IQR:0.0), and EcoScreen® (0.5 pg·ml-1, IQR:2.0). Albumin in vivo was mainly detectable using glass coating (p<0.008). In conclusion, a condenser with silicone or glass coating is more efficient for measurement of 8-isoprostane or albumin in exhaled breath condensate, than EcoScreen®, aluminum, polypropylene or teflon. Guidelines for exhaled breath condensate standardization should include the most valid condenser coating to measure a specific biomarker.

Keywords:  Coating, cytokine, exhaled breath condensate, exhaled markers, isoprostanes, methodology




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