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Published online before print November 21, 2007
Eur Respir J 2007, doi:10.1183/09031936.00088407
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Snoring in preschool children: prevalence, severity and risk factors

C.E. Kuehni 1*, M-P.F. Strippoli 1, E.S. Chauliac 1, M. Silverman 2

1 Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland,
2 Division of Child Health, Dept of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, UK

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kuehni{at}ispm.unibe.


  Abstract

Epidemiological data on snoring from preschool children are scarce, although habitual snoring (snoring on almost all nights) has been associated with poor long-term outcomes.

In a population survey of 6811 children aged 1–4 years (Leicestershire, UK) we determined prevalence, severity and risk factors for snoring, especially habitual snoring.

For 60% of the children parents reported snoring in the last 12 months, including 7.9% with habitual snoring and 0.9% with habitual snoring and sleep disturbance. Prevalence of habitual snoring increased with age from 6.6% in 1-year olds to 13.0% in 4-year olds. Habitual snoring was associated with: one and two smoking parents (adjusted odds ratio 1.46 and 2.09 respectively), road traffic (1.23), single parent (1.60) and in white but not in south Asian children, socioeconomic deprivation (1.25 and 2.03 for middle and upper thirds of Townsend score). Respiratory tract symptoms related to atopic disorders and to respiratory infections were strongly associated with snoring, body mass index was not.

In conclusion, habitual snoring is common in preschool children with one third of cases attributable to avoidable risk factors. The strong association with atopic disorders, viral infections and environmental exposures suggests a complex aetiology, based on a general vulnerability of the respiratory tract.

Keywords:  Ethnicity, predictors, preschool child, prevalence, risk factors, snoring, South Asian, wheeze, asthma




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