Prevalence and Outcomes of Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

¹ Dept of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, KY
² Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ
³ Emory University College of Medicine, Atlanta, GA

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: dmannino{at}uky.edu.

	Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with important chronic comorbid diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension.

We analyzed data on 20,296 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC) and the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) aged 45 and older at baseline. The sample was stratified based on baseline lung function data, according to modified Global Initiative on Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria. We then searched for comorbid disease at baseline and death and hospitalizations over 5 years of follow-up.

Lung function impairment was found to be associated with more comorbid disease. In logistic regression models adjusting for age, sex, race, smoking, body mass index and education, people with GOLD stage 3 or 4 COPD had a higher prevalence of diabetes (odds ratio [OR] 1.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1, 1.9), hypertension (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.3, 1.9) and cardiovascular disease OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.9, 3.0). Comorbid disease was associated with a higher risk of hospitalization and mortality that was worse in people with impaired lung function.

Lung function impairment is associated with a higher risk of comorbid disease which contribute to a higher risk of adverse outcomes of mortality and hospitalizations.

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