International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC): rationale and methods

The aetiology of asthma and allergic disease remains poorly understood, despite considerable research. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), was founded to maximize the value of epidemiological research into asthma and allergic disease, by establishing a standardized methodology and facilitating international collaboration. Its specific aims are: 1) to describe the prevalence and severity of asthma, rhinitis and eczema in children living in different centres, and to make comparisons within and between countries; 2) to obtain baseline measures for assessment of future trends in the prevalence and severity of these diseases; and 3) to provide a framework for further aetiological research into genetic, lifestyle, environmental, and medical care factors affecting these diseases. The ISAAC design comprises three phases. Phase 1 uses core questionnaires designed to assess the prevalence and severity of asthma and allergic disease in defined populations. Phase 2 will investigate possible aetiological factors, particularly those suggested by the findings of Phase 1. Phase 3 will be a repetition of Phase 1 to assess trends in prevalence.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S Allen, J R Britton, and J A Leonardi-Bee Association between antioxidant vitamins and asthma outcome measures: systematic review and meta-analysis Thorax, July 1, 2009; 64(7): 610 - 619. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. R Partridge Has ISAAC told us as much as it can? Where now? Thorax, June 1, 2009; 64(6): 462 - 463. [Full Text] [PDF]

				J.-T. Granslo, T. Van Do, T. B. Aasen, A. Irgens, and E. Florvaag Occupational allergy to Artemia fish fry feed in aquaculture Occup. Med., June 1, 2009; 59(4): 243 - 248. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C K W Lai, R Beasley, J Crane, S Foliaki, J Shah, S Weiland, and the ISAAC Phase Three Study Group Global variation in the prevalence and severity of asthma symptoms: Phase Three of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Thorax, June 1, 2009; 64(6): 476 - 483. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Nagel, G. Buchele, G. Weinmayr, B. Bjorksten, Y-Z. Chen, H. Wang, W. Nystad, Y. Saraclar, L. Braback, J. Batlles-Garrido, et al. Effect of breastfeeding on asthma, lung function and bronchial hyperreactivity in ISAAC Phase II Eur. Respir. J., May 1, 2009; 33(5): 993 - 1002. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. V. Subramanian, H.-J. Jun, I. Kawachi, and R. J. Wright Contribution of Race/Ethnicity and Country of Origin to Variations in Lifetime Reported Asthma: Evidence for a Nativity Advantage Am J Public Health, April 1, 2009; 99(4): 690 - 697. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. Maziak The triumph of the null hypothesis: epidemiology in an age of change Int. J. Epidemiol., April 1, 2009; 38(2): 393 - 402. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Pearce and J. Douwes Author's Response: Epidemiology between astronomy and astrology Int. J. Epidemiol., April 1, 2009; 38(2): 610 - 611. [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. O. M. Van De Ven, R. C. M. E. Engels, and S. M. Sawyer Asthma-specific Predictors of Smoking Onset in Adolescents with Asthma: A Longitudinal Study J. Pediatr. Psychol., March 1, 2009; 34(2): 118 - 128. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S Bruce, F Nyberg, E Melen, A James, V Pulkkinen, C Orsmark-Pietras, A Bergstrom, B Dahlen, M Wickman, E von Mutius, et al. The protective effect of farm animal exposure on childhood allergy is modified by NPSR1 polymorphisms J. Med. Genet., March 1, 2009; 46(3): 159 - 167. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. M. Ducharme, C. Lemire, F. J.D. Noya, G. M. Davis, N. Alos, H. Leblond, C. Savdie, J.-P. Collet, L. Khomenko, G. Rivard, et al. Preemptive Use of High-Dose Fluticasone for Virus-Induced Wheezing in Young Children N. Engl. J. Med., January 22, 2009; 360(4): 339 - 353. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. McWhirter, D. McCann, H. Coleman, M. Calvert, and J. Warner Can schools promote the health of children with asthma? Health Educ. Res., December 1, 2008; 23(6): 917 - 930. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E M Hennessy, M A Bracewell, N Wood, D Wolke, K. Costeloe, A Gibson, N Marlow, and for the EPICure Study Group Respiratory health in pre-school and school age children following extremely preterm birth Arch. Dis. Child., December 1, 2008; 93(12): 1037 - 1043. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Weinmayr, F. Forastiere, S. K. Weiland, P. Rzehak, T. Abramidze, I. Annesi-Maesano, B. Bjorksten, B. Brunekreef, G. Buchele, W. O. C. Cookson, et al. International variation in prevalence of rhinitis and its relationship with sensitisation to perennial and seasonal allergens Eur. Respir. J., November 1, 2008; 32(5): 1250 - 1261. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Kapitein, M. O. Hoekstra, E. H. J. Nijhuis, D. J. Hijnen, H. G. M. Arets, J. L. L. Kimpen, and E. F. Knol Gene expression in CD4+ T-cells reflects heterogeneity in infant wheezing phenotypes Eur. Respir. J., November 1, 2008; 32(5): 1203 - 1212. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J Henderson, R Granell, J Heron, A Sherriff, A Simpson, A Woodcock, D P Strachan, S O Shaheen, and J A C Sterne Associations of wheezing phenotypes in the first 6 years of life with atopy, lung function and airway responsiveness in mid-childhood Thorax, November 1, 2008; 63(11): 974 - 980. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. S. McNamara, A. Kicic, E. N. Sutanto, P. T. Stevens, and S. M. Stick Comparison of techniques for obtaining lower airway epithelial cells from children Eur. Respir. J., September 1, 2008; 32(3): 763 - 768. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. W. B. Bottema, N. E. Reijmerink, M. Kerkhof, G. H. Koppelman, F. F. Stelma, J. Gerritsen, C. Thijs, B. Brunekreef, C. P. van Schayck, and D. S. Postma Interleukin 13, CD14, pet and tobacco smoke influence atopy in three Dutch cohorts: the allergenic study Eur. Respir. J., September 1, 2008; 32(3): 593 - 602. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. M. Matricardi, S. Illi, C. Gruber, T. Keil, R. Nickel, U. Wahn, and S. Lau Wheezing in childhood: incidence, longitudinal patterns and factors predicting persistence Eur. Respir. J., September 1, 2008; 32(3): 585 - 592. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. T. Cohen, G. J. Canino, H. R. Bird, and J. C. Celedon Violence, Abuse, and Asthma in Puerto Rican Children Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., September 1, 2008; 178(5): 453 - 459. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. M. Willers, A. H. Wijga, B. Brunekreef, M. Kerkhof, J. Gerritsen, M. O. Hoekstra, J. C. de Jongste, and H. A. Smit Maternal Food Consumption during Pregnancy and the Longitudinal Development of Childhood Asthma Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., July 15, 2008; 178(2): 124 - 131. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Smith, R. Drake, A. Simpson, A. Woodcock, A. Pickles, and A. Custovic Dimensions of Respiratory Symptoms in Preschool Children: Population-based Birth Cohort Study Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., June 15, 2008; 177(12): 1358 - 1363. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A.-L. Ponsonby, N. Glasgow, A. Pezic, T. Dwyer, K. Ciszek, and M. Kljakovic A temporal decline in asthma but not eczema prevalence from 2000 to 2005 at school entry in the Australian Capital Territory with further consideration of country of birth Int. J. Epidemiol., June 1, 2008; 37(3): 559 - 569. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Anderson, R Gupta, V Kapetanakis, M. Asher, T Clayton, C. Robertson, D. Strachan, and The ISAAC Steering Committee International correlations between indicators of prevalence, hospital admissions and mortality for asthma in children Int. J. Epidemiol., June 1, 2008; 37(3): 573 - 582. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. V. Hartert, X. Deng, T. J. Hartman, W. Wen, G. Yang, Y.-T. Gao, M. Jin, C. Bai, M. Gross, L. J. Roberts II, et al. The Shanghai Women's Asthma and Allergy Study: Objectives, Design, and Recruitment Results Am. J. Epidemiol., June 1, 2008; 167(11): 1387 - 1396. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M Wake, P Hardy, M G Sawyer, and J B Carlin Comorbities of overweight/obesity in Australian preschoolers: a cross-sectional population study Arch. Dis. Child., June 1, 2008; 93(6): 502 - 507. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D A Green, G McAlpine, S Semple, H Cowie, and A Seaton Mineral dust exposure in young Indian adults: an effect on lung growth? Occup. Environ. Med., May 1, 2008; 65(5): 306 - 310. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Eijkemans, M. Mommers, S. I. de Vries, S. van Buuren, A. Stafleu, I. Bakker, and C. Thijs Asthmatic Symptoms, Physical Activity, and Overweight in Young Children: A Cohort Study Pediatrics, March 1, 2008; 121(3): e666 - e672. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R van Gent, G de Meer, M M Rovers, J L L Kimpen, C K van der Ent, and L E M van Essen Adherence to follow-up recommendations in asthma Arch. Dis. Child., March 1, 2008; 93(3): 236 - 238. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. M. Langan, C. Flohr, and H. C. Williams The Role of Furry Pets in Eczema: A Systematic Review Arch Dermatol, December 1, 2007; 143(12): 1570 - 1577. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. van Gent, L. E. M. van Essen-Zandvliet, M. M. Rovers, J. L. L. Kimpen, G. de Meer, and C. K. van der Ent Poor perception of dyspnoea in children with undiagnosed asthma Eur. Respir. J., November 1, 2007; 30(5): 887 - 891. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. S Kramer, L. Matush, I. Vanilovich, R. Platt, N. Bogdanovich, Z. Sevkovskaya, I. Dzikovich, G. Shishko, B. Mazer, and the Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial Effect of prolonged and exclusive breast feeding on risk of allergy and asthma: cluster randomised trial BMJ, October 20, 2007; 335(7624): 815 - 815. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. E Kuehni, A. M Brooke, M.-P. F Strippoli, B. D Spycher, A. Davis, and M. Silverman Cohort Profile: The Leicester Respiratory Cohorts Int. J. Epidemiol., October 2, 2007; (2007) dym090v1. [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Dunder, T. Tapiainen, T. Pokka, and M. Uhari Infections in Child Day Care Centers and Later Development of Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis, and Atopic Dermatitis: Prospective Follow-up Survey 12 Years After Controlled Randomized Hygiene Intervention Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, October 1, 2007; 161(10): 972 - 977. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Bjerg, L. Hedman, M. S. Perzanowski, T. Platts-Mills, B. Lundback, and E. Ronmark Family History of Asthma and Atopy: In-depth Analyses of the Impact on Asthma and Wheeze in 7- to 8-Year-Old Children Pediatrics, October 1, 2007; 120(4): 741 - 748. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M.-P. F Strippoli, M. Silverman, G. Michel, and C. E Kuehni A parent-completed respiratory questionnaire for 1-year-old children: repeatability Arch. Dis. Child., October 1, 2007; 92(10): 861 - 865. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Weinmayr, S. K. Weiland, B. Bjorksten, B. Brunekreef, G. Buchele, W. O. C. Cookson, L. Garcia-Marcos, M. Gotua, C. Gratziou, M. van Hage, et al. Atopic Sensitization and the International Variation of Asthma Symptom Prevalence in Children Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., September 15, 2007; 176(6): 565 - 574. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Riu, H. Dressel, D. Windstetter, G. Weinmayr, S. Weiland, C. Vogelberg, W. Leupold, E. von Mutius, D. Nowak, and K. Radon First months of employment and new onset of rhinitis in adolescents Eur. Respir. J., September 1, 2007; 30(3): 549 - 555. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S M Willers, G Devereux, L C A Craig, G McNeill, A H Wijga, W Abou El-Magd, S W Turner, P J Helms, and A Seaton Maternal food consumption during pregnancy and asthma, respiratory and atopic symptoms in 5-year-old children Thorax, September 1, 2007; 62(9): 773 - 779. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Pearce, N. Ait-Khaled, R. Beasley, J. Mallol, U. Keil, E. Mitchell, C. Robertson, and and the ISAAC Phase Three Study Group Worldwide trends in the prevalence of asthma symptoms: phase III of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Thorax, September 1, 2007; 62(9): 758 - 766. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. M Harris, P. Mills, C. White, S. Moffat, A. J Newman Taylor, and P. Cullinan Recorded infections and antibiotics in early life: associations with allergy in UK children and their parents Thorax, July 1, 2007; 62(7): 631 - 637. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. J. Okoko, P. G. Burney, R. B. Newson, J. F. Potts, and S. O. Shaheen Childhood asthma and fruit consumption Eur. Respir. J., June 1, 2007; 29(6): 1161 - 1168. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Caudri, A. Wijga, U. Gehring, H. A. Smit, B. Brunekreef, M. Kerkhof, M. Hoekstra, J. Gerritsen, and J. C. de Jongste Respiratory Symptoms in the First 7 Years of Life and Birth Weight at Term: The PIAMA Birth Cohort Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., May 15, 2007; 175(10): 1078 - 1085. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. B. Gerald, M. M. Sockrider, R. Grad, B. G. Bender, L. P. Boss, S. P. Galant, J. Gerritsen, C. L. M. Joseph, R. M. Kaplan, J. A. Madden, et al. An Official ATS Workshop Report: Issues in Screening for Asthma in Children Proceedings of the ATS, May 1, 2007; 4(2): 133 - 141. [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. T. Cohen, G. J. Canino, H. R. Bird, S. Shen, B. A. Rosner, and J. C. Celedon Area of Residence, Birthplace, and Asthma in Puerto Rican Children Chest, May 1, 2007; 131(5): 1331 - 1338. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Penders, C. Thijs, P. A van den Brandt, I. Kummeling, B. Snijders, F. Stelma, H. Adams, R. van Ree, and E. E Stobberingh Gut microbiota composition and development of atopic manifestations in infancy: the KOALA Birth Cohort Study Gut, May 1, 2007; 56(5): 661 - 667. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M Elliott, M. Kizza, M. A Quigley, J. Ndibazza, M. Nampijja, L. Muhangi, L. Morison, P. B Namujju, M. Muwanga, N. Kabatereine, et al. The impact of helminths on the response to immunization and on the incidence of infection and disease in childhood in Uganda: design of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, factorial trial of deworming interventions delivered in pregnancy and early childhood [ISRCTN32849447] Clinical Trials, February 1, 2007; 4(1): 42 - 57. [Abstract] [PDF]

				D. Sole, K. C. Melo, I. C. Camelo-Nunes, L. S. Freitas, M. Britto, N. A. Rosario, M. Jones, G. B. Fischer, and C. K. Naspitz Changes in the Prevalence of Asthma and Allergic Diseases among Brazilian Schoolchildren (13-14 years old): Comparison between ISAAC Phases One and Three J Trop Pediatr, February 1, 2007; 53(1): 13 - 21. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M Nickmilder and A Bernard Ecological association between childhood asthma and availability of indoor chlorinated swimming pools in Europe Occup. Environ. Med., January 1, 2007; 64(1): 37 - 46. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K Telford, L Waters, H Vyas, B N Manktelow, E S Draper, and N Marlow Respiratory outcome in late childhood after neonatal continuous negative pressure ventilation Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed., January 1, 2007; 92(1): F19 - F24. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Michel, M. Silverman, M-P. F. Strippoli, M. Zwahlen, A. M. Brooke, J. Grigg, and C. E. Kuehni Parental understanding of wheeze and its impact on asthma prevalence estimates Eur. Respir. J., December 1, 2006; 28(6): 1124 - 1130. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C Tabak, A H Wijga, G de Meer, N A H Janssen, B Brunekreef, and H A Smit Diet and asthma in Dutch school children (ISAAC-2) Thorax, December 1, 2006; 61(12): 1048 - 1053. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Kicic, E. N. Sutanto, P. T. Stevens, D. A. Knight, and S. M. Stick Intrinsic Biochemical and Functional Differences in Bronchial Epithelial Cells of Children with Asthma Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., November 15, 2006; 174(10): 1110 - 1118. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. D. Gilliland, T. Islam, K. Berhane, W. J. Gauderman, R. McConnell, E. Avol, and J. M. Peters Regular Smoking and Asthma Incidence in Adolescents Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., November 15, 2006; 174(10): 1094 - 1100. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. P. Rosias, C. M. Robroeks, H. J. Niemarkt, A. D. Kester, J. H. Vernooy, J. Suykerbuyk, J. Teunissen, J. Heynens, H. J. Hendriks, Q. Jobsis, et al. Breath condenser coatings affect measurement of biomarkers in exhaled breath condensate Eur. Respir. J., November 1, 2006; 28(5): 1036 - 1041. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. O.M. Van De Ven, R. J.J.M. Van Den Eijnden, and R. C.M.E. Engels Atopic diseases and related risk factors among Dutch adolescents Eur J Public Health, October 1, 2006; 16(5): 549 - 558. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L L Magnusson, H Wennborg, J P Bonde, and J Olsen Wheezing, asthma, hay fever, and atopic eczema in relation to maternal occupations in pregnancy Occup. Environ. Med., September 1, 2006; 63(9): 640 - 646. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Stingone and L. Claudio Asthma and Enrollment in Special Education Among Urban Schoolchildren Am J Public Health, September 1, 2006; 96(9): 1593 - 1598. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Dehlink, S. Gruber, T. Eiwegger, D. Gruber, T. Mueller, W.-D. Huber, W. Klepetko, H. Rumpold, R. Urbanek, and Z. Szepfalusi Immunosuppressive Therapy Does Not Prevent the Occurrence of Immunoglobulin E-Mediated Allergies in Children and Adolescents With Organ Transplants Pediatrics, September 1, 2006; 118(3): e764 - e770. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M. Davis, R. Kreutzer, M. Lipsett, G. King, and N. Shaikh Asthma Prevalence in Hispanic and Asian American Ethnic Subgroups: Results From the California Healthy Kids Survey Pediatrics, August 1, 2006; 118(2): e363 - e370. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Pattenden, T. Antova, M. Neuberger, B. Nikiforov, M. De Sario, L. Grize, J. Heinrich, F. Hruba, N. Janssen, H. Luttmann-Gibson, et al. Parental smoking and children's respiratory health: independent effects of prenatal and postnatal exposure. Tob. Control, August 1, 2006; 15(4): 294 - 301. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G I Town and J Crane Respiratory health and lung research in New Zealand Chronic Respiratory Disease, July 1, 2006; 3(3): 167 - 169. [Abstract] [PDF]

				C. Zekveld, I. Bibakis, V. Bibaki-Liakou, A. Pedioti, I. Dimitroulis, J. Harris, A. J. Newman Taylor, and P. Cullinan The effects of farming and birth order on asthma and allergies Eur. Respir. J., July 1, 2006; 28(1): 82 - 88. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. E Kuehni, M.-P. F Strippoli, M. Zwahlen, and M. Silverman Association between reported exposure to road traffic and respiratory symptoms in children: evidence of bias Int. J. Epidemiol., June 1, 2006; 35(3): 779 - 786. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. P. Ly, D. R. Gold, S. T. Weiss, and J. C. Celedon Recurrent wheeze in early childhood and asthma among children at risk for atopy. Pediatrics, June 1, 2006; 117(6): e1132 - e1138. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. C. McCann, J. McWhirter, H. Coleman, M. Calvert, and J. O. Warner A controlled trial of a school-based intervention to improve asthma management Eur. Respir. J., May 1, 2006; 27(5): 921 - 928. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Radon, S. Huemmer, H. Dressel, D. Windstetter, G. Weinmayr, S. Weiland, E. Riu, C. Vogelberg, W. Leupold, E. von Mutius, et al. Do respiratory symptoms predict job choices in teenagers? Eur. Respir. J., April 1, 2006; 27(4): 774 - 778. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W Maziak, U Keil, and I Zollner Asthma and allergies in Germany. Thorax, March 1, 2006; 61(3): 274 - 274. [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. Nystad, E. Roysamb, P. Magnus, K. Tambs, and J. R Harris A comparison of genetic and environmental variance structures for asthma, hay fever and eczema with symptoms of the same diseases: a study of Norwegian twins Int. J. Epidemiol., December 1, 2005; 34(6): 1302 - 1309. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Van Sickle Perceptions of asthma among physicians: an exploratory study with the ISAAC video Eur. Respir. J., November 1, 2005; 26(5): 829 - 834. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M R Becklake Wheeze, asthma diagnosis and medication use in developing countries Thorax, November 1, 2005; 60(11): 885 - 887. [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Lin, J. Reibman, J. A. Bowers, S.-A. Hwang, A. Hoerning, M. I. Gomez, and E. F. Fitzgerald Upper Respiratory Symptoms and Other Health Effects among Residents Living Near the World Trade Center Site after September 11, 2001 Am. J. Epidemiol., September 15, 2005; 162(6): 499 - 507. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. M. D. Struben, M. H. Wieringa, C. J. Mantingh, C. Bommelje, M. Don, L. Feenstra, and J. C. de Jongste Nasal NO: normal values in children age 6 through to 17 years Eur. Respir. J., September 1, 2005; 26(3): 453 - 457. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H O Koskela, K K Happonen, S T Remes, and J Pekkanen Effect of farming environment on sensitisation to allergens continues after childhood Occup. Environ. Med., September 1, 2005; 62(9): 607 - 611. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M Simoni, E Lombardi, G Berti, F Rusconi, S La Grutta, S Piffer, M G Petronio, C Galassi, F Forastiere, G Viegi, et al. Mould/dampness exposure at home is associated with respiratory disorders in Italian children and adolescents: the SIDRIA-2 Study Occup. Environ. Med., September 1, 2005; 62(9): 616 - 622. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Frei, J. Jutla, G. Kramer, G. E. Hatzakis, F. M. Ducharme, and G. M. Davis Impulse Oscillometry: Reference Values in Children 100 to 150 cm in Height and 3 to 10 Years of Age Chest, September 1, 2005; 128(3): 1266 - 1273. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Hermann, T. Westergaard, B. V. Pedersen, J. Wohlfahrt, A. Host, and M. Melbye A Comparison of Risk Factors for Wheeze and Recurrent Cough in Preschool Children Am. J. Epidemiol., August 15, 2005; 162(4): 345 - 350. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. A. K. Jones and on behalf of the Collaborative Dexamethasone Trial Randomized, Controlled Trial of Dexamethasone in Neonatal Chronic Lung Disease: 13- to 17-Year Follow-up Study: II. Respiratory Status, Growth, and Blood Pressure Pediatrics, August 1, 2005; 116(2): 379 - 384. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I K Zollner, S K Weiland, I Piechotowski, T Gabrio, E von Mutius, B Link, G Pfaff, B Kouros, and J Wuthe No increase in the prevalence of asthma, allergies, and atopic sensitisation among children in Germany: 1992-2001 Thorax, July 1, 2005; 60(7): 545 - 548. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. J. Mandhane, J. M. Greene, J. O. Cowan, D. R. Taylor, and M. R. Sears Sex Differences in Factors Associated with Childhood- and Adolescent-Onset Wheeze Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., July 1, 2005; 172(1): 45 - 54. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B-F Hwang, Y-L Lee, Y-C Lin, J J K Jaakkola, and Y L Guo Traffic related air pollution as a determinant of asthma among Taiwanese school children Thorax, June 1, 2005; 60(6): 467 - 473. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Melen, S. Bruce, G. Doekes, M. Kabesch, T. Laitinen, R. Lauener, C. M. Lindgren, J. Riedler, A. Scheynius, M. van Hage-Hamsten, et al. Haplotypes of G Protein-coupled Receptor 154 Are Associated with Childhood Allergy and Asthma Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., May 15, 2005; 171(10): 1089 - 1095. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. J. A. M. Schonberger, E. Dompeling, J. A. Knottnerus, T. Maas, J. W. M. Muris, C. van Weel, and C. P. van Schayck The PREVASC study: the clinical effect of a multifaceted educational intervention to prevent childhood asthma Eur. Respir. J., April 1, 2005; 25(4): 660 - 670. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. E. Brussee, H. A. Smit, M. Kerkhof, L. P. Koopman, A. H. Wijga, D. S. Postma, J. Gerritsen, D. E. Grobbee, B. Brunekreef, and J. C. de Jongste Exhaled nitric oxide in 4-year-old children: relationship with asthma and atopy Eur. Respir. J., March 1, 2005; 25(3): 455 - 461. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. A. Lewis, M. Antoniak, A. J. Venn, L. Davies, A. Goodwin, N. Salfield, J. Britton, and A. W. Fogarty Secondhand Smoke, Dietary Fruit Intake, Road Traffic Exposures, and the Prevalence of Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Study in Young Children Am. J. Epidemiol., March 1, 2005; 161(5): 406 - 411. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. Hofhuis, E. C. van der Wiel, E. M. Nieuwhof, W. C. J. Hop, M. J. Affourtit, F. J. Smit, A. A. P. H. Vaessen-Verberne, F. G. A. Versteegh, J. C. de Jongste, P. J. F. M. Merkus, et al. Efficacy of Fluticasone Propionate on Lung Function and Symptoms in Wheezy Infants Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., February 15, 2005; 171(4): 328 - 333. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K Wickens, D Barry, A Friezema, R Rhodius, N Bone, G Purdie, and J Crane Obesity and asthma in 11-12 year old New Zealand children in 1989 and 2000 Thorax, January 1, 2005; 60(1): 7 - 12. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. Synnerstad, L. Nilsson, M. Fredrikson, and I. Rosdahl Fewer Melanocytic Nevi Found in Children With Active Atopic Dermatitis Than in Children Without Dermatitis Arch Dermatol, December 1, 2004; 140(12): 1471 - 1475. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]