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Rituximab therapy in autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

¹ Service de Pneumologie A, ² Service de Radiologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, ⁴ Inserm, Unit 700, Université Paris 7, Faculté de médecine Denis Diderot, Paris, and ³ Département d'Immunologie, Centre Hospitalo-universitaire Pontchaillou Rennes, France

CORRESPONDENCE: R. Borie, Service de Pneumologie A, Hopital Bichat, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75877 Paris, Cedex 18, France. Fax: 33 140258818. E-mail: raphael.borie{at}bch.aphp.fr

Keywords: CD20, crazy paving, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interstitial pneumonia, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

Received: October 24, 2008
Accepted February 16, 2009

Idiopathic pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is presumed to be an autoimmune disorder that may lead to pulmonary insufficiency. However, steroids do not appear to be effective and the standard of therapy is whole-lung lavage. We report the first case of successful therapy with rituximab, which addresses the pathogenic mechanism of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.