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Prevalence and outcomes of diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease in COPD

¹ Dept of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, KY, ² Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, and ³ Emory University College of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.

CORRESPONDENCE: D. M. Mannino, Dept of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, 121 Washington Avenue, Lexington, KY 40536, USA. Fax: 1 8592571044. E-mail: dmannino{at}uky.edu

Keywords: Cardiovascular, diabetes, hypertension, lung function, mortality

Received: January 25, 2008
Accepted June 5, 2008

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with important chronic comorbid diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes and hypertension.

The present study analysed data from 20,296 subjects aged 45 yrs at baseline in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC) and the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS). The sample was stratified based on baseline lung function data, according to modified Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria. Comorbid disease at baseline and death and hospitalisations over a 5-yr follow-up were then searched for.

Lung function impairment was found to be associated with more comorbid disease. In logistic regression models adjusting for age, sex, race, smoking, body mass index and education, subjects with GOLD stage 3 or 4 COPD had a higher prevalence of diabetes (odds ratio (OR) 1.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–1.9), hypertension (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.3–1.9) and cardiovascular disease (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.9–3.0). Comorbid disease was associated with a higher risk of hospitalisation and mortality that was worse in people with impaired lung function.

Lung function impairment is associated with a higher risk of comorbid disease, which contributes to a higher risk of adverse outcomes of mortality and hospitalisations.

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