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Eur Respir J 2007; 29:745-750
Copyright ©ERS Journals Ltd 2007
doi: 10.1183/09031936.00134706
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Smoking and tuberculosis among silicotic patients
1 Tuberculosis and Chest Service, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, and 2 Tuberculosis and Chest Unit, Grantham Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
CORRESPONDENCE: C. C. Leung, Pneumoconiosis Clinic, 4/F 8 Chai Wan Road, Shaukeiwan, Hong Kong, China. Fax: 852 29775940. E-mail: cc_leung{at}dh.gov.hk
Keywords: Cohort study, smoking, tuberculosis
Received: October 16, 2006
Accepted December 4, 2006
The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between smoking and tuberculosis (TB) among high-risk silicotic patients in Hong Kong.
A cohort of 435 silicotic patients tuberculin tested from 1995–2002 was prospectively followed-up until the end of 2005. Baseline characteristics were analysed with respect to positive tuberculin reaction (
Smoking, alcohol use and body mass index were independent predictors of positive tuberculin reaction at baseline in multiple logistic regression analysis. Total cigarette pack-yrs did not demonstrate any significant effect. The annual incidences of TB were 1,841, 2,294 and 4,181 per 100,000 for never-, ex- and current smokers, respectively. On Cox proportional hazard analysis, current smokers have a significantly higher risk of TB than other silicotic patients (adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval (CI)): 1.96 (1.14–3.35)) after controlling for age, alcohol use, tuberculin status, treatment for latent TB infection and other relevant background/disease factors. A significant dose-response relationship was also observed with the daily number of cigarettes currently smoked. Smoking cessation may reduce 32.4% (95% CI: 6.5–54.0) of the risk.
Smoking increases the risk of both tuberculosis infection and subsequent development of the disease among silicotic patients.
10 mm) at baseline and subsequent development of TB.
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