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Physiological effects of vibration in subjects with cystic fibrosis

School of Physiotherapy, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, New South Wales, Australia.

CORRESPONDENCE: B. McCarren, School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, PO Box 170, Lidcombe, NSW 1825, Australia. Fax: 11 61293519601. E-mail: B.McCarren{at}fhs.usyd.edu.au

Keywords: Airway clearance interventions, peak expiratory flow rate, physiotherapy

Received: July 18, 2005
Accepted January 17, 2006

The physiological mechanisms by which vibration and other physiotherapy interventions may clear secretions in subjects with cystic fibrosis are unknown. The main aim of this study was to compare the expiratory flow rates and frequencies of airflow oscillation of vibration to those of Acapella®, Flutter®, positive expiratory pressure and percussion.

Respiratory flow rates were measured during interventions, the order of which was randomised. The oscillation of the airflow of the interventions was determined by frequency spectral analysis.

In 18 young adult subjects with cystic fibrosis, the mean peak expiratory flow rate of vibration was greater than Flutter®, percussion, Acapella® and positive expiratory pressure. The mean±SD of the oscillation of the airflow of vibration (8.4±0.4 Hz) was lower than Acapella® (13.5±1.7 Hz) and Flutter® (11.3±1.5 Hz) but similar to percussion (7.3±0.3 Hz).

Theoretically, the higher peak expiratory flow rate of vibration compared to the other physiotherapy interventions may promote secretion clearance. In addition, the frequency of oscillation of vibration was within the range demonstrated to increase mucus transport. This study has provided some evidence for the physiological rationale for the use of vibration to aid secretion clearance.

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