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1 Dept of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute. 2 Institute of Applied Environmental Research, Air Pollution Laboratory, Stockholm University. 3 Dept of Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Karolinska Institute and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm and 4 Clinical Science, AstraZeneca, Lund, Sweden
CORRESPONDENCE: J. Grunewald, Dept of Medicine, Lung Research Laboratory L4:01, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. Fax: 46 851775451. E-mail: johan.grunewald@medks.ki.se
Keywords: Airway inflammation, bronchoalveolar lavage, exposure chamber, pinewood dust
Received: May 19, 2004
Accepted August 5, 2004
Exposure to wood dust within the woodworking industry has been shown to cause a variety of respiratory disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the cellular effects in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and peripheral blood from healthy individuals exposed to pinewood dust.
Eleven healthy volunteers were exposed to pinewood dust for 1 h in a whole-body exposure chamber. BAL fluid and blood cells were differentially counted and the expression of activation, adhesion and subset markers on alveolar macrophages and T-lymphocytes was determined 2–6 weeks before and 20 h after the exposure.
Following pinewood dust exposure, the total BAL fluid cell concentration increased from 81.4 (64.1–97.5)x106 cells·L–1 (median (interquartile range)) to 195.3 (154.6–341.2)x106 cells·L–1. The BAL fluid T-lymphocyte concentration increased from 3.8% (3.5–6.5%) to 7.6% (4.9–11.2%), and BAL fluid eosinophil concentration from 0.0% (0.0–0.2%) to 1.8% (0.6–3.5%).
Inhalation of pinewood dust leads to the recruitment of inflammatory cells to the airways of healthy individuals. The increase in numbers of eosinophils, T-lymphocytes and mast cells, i.e. cells of crucial importance to airway inflammation, in the lungs may be related to the increased risk of developing respiratory disorders among woodworkers.
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