|
 |
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Copyright ©ERS Journals Ltd 2004
The TORCH (TOwards a Revolution in COPD Health) survival study protocol
CORRESPONDENCE: J. Vestbo, North West Lung Research Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, M23 9LT, UK. Fax: 44 1612912832. E-mail: jvestbo@man.ac.uk
Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, fluticasone propionate, mortality, protocol, salmeterol, study design
Received: October 28, 2003
Accepted February 29, 2004
This study is funded by GlaxoSmithKline.
Abstract
Only long-term home oxygen therapy has been shown in randomised controlled trials to increase survival in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There have been no trials assessing the effect of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting bronchodilators, alone or in combination, on mortality in patients with COPD, despite their known benefit in reducing symptoms and exacerbations. The "TOwards a Revolution in COPD Health" (TORCH) survival study is aiming to determine the impact of salmeterol/fluticasone propionate (SFC) combination and the individual components on the survival of COPD patients.
TORCH is a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study. Approximately 6,200 patients with moderate-to-severe COPD were randomly assigned to b.i.d. treatment with either SFC (50/500 µg), fluticasone propionate (500 µg), salmeterol (50 µg) or placebo for 3 yrs. The primary end-point is all-cause mortality; secondary end-points are COPD morbidity relating to rate of exacerbations and health status, using the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire. Other end-points include other mortality and exacerbation end-points, requirement for long-term oxygen therapy, and clinic lung function. Safety end-points include adverse events, with additional information on bone fractures.
The first patient was recruited in September 2000 and results should be available in 2006. This paper describes the "TOwards a Revolution in COPD Health" study and explains the rationale behind it.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  O. N. Keene, J. Vestbo, J. A. Anderson, P. M. A. Calverley, B. Celli, G. T. Ferguson, C. Jenkins, and P. W. Jones Methods for therapeutic trials in COPD: lessons from the TORCH trial Eur. Respir. J., November 1, 2009; 34(5): 1018 - 1023. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J Vestbo, J A Anderson, P M A Calverley, B Celli, G T Ferguson, C Jenkins, K Knobil, L R Willits, J C Yates, and P W Jones Adherence to inhaled therapy, mortality and hospital admission in COPD Thorax, November 1, 2009; 64(11): 939 - 943. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Crim, P. M. A. Calverley, J. A. Anderson, B. Celli, G. T. Ferguson, C. Jenkins, P. W. Jones, L. R. Willits, J. C. Yates, and J. Vestbo Pneumonia risk in COPD patients receiving inhaled corticosteroids alone or in combination: TORCH study results Eur. Respir. J., September 1, 2009; 34(3): 641 - 647. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 O. J Phung, C M. White, W. L Baker, and C. I Coleman Assessing the Usefulness of Health-Related Quality-of-Life Trials: A Clinician's Perspective Using Two COPD Examples Ann. Pharmacother., September 1, 2009; 43(9): 1496 - 1505. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. R. Celli, N. E. Thomas, J. A. Anderson, G. T. Ferguson, C. R. Jenkins, P. W. Jones, J. Vestbo, K. Knobil, J. C. Yates, and P. M. A. Calverley Effect of Pharmacotherapy on Rate of Decline of Lung Function in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Results from the TORCH Study Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., August 15, 2008; 178(4): 332 - 338. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. R. Celli Update on the Management of COPD Chest, June 1, 2008; 133(6): 1451 - 1462. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Cazzola, W. MacNee, F. J. Martinez, K. F. Rabe, L. G. Franciosi, P. J. Barnes, V. Brusasco, P. S. Burge, P. M. A. Calverley, B. R. Celli, et al. Outcomes for COPD pharmacological trials: from lung function to biomarkers Eur. Respir. J., February 1, 2008; 31(2): 416 - 469. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. M. Mannino and S. Braman The Epidemiology and Economics of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Proceedings of the ATS, October 1, 2007; 4(7): 502 - 506. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. A. Hanania and J. F. Donohue Pharmacologic Interventions in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Bronchodilators Proceedings of the ATS, October 1, 2007; 4(7): 526 - 534. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Rudolf COPD and death: what exactly is the relationship? Thorax, May 1, 2007; 62(5): 378 - 379. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. P McGarvey, M. John, J. A Anderson, M. Zvarich, and R. A Wise Ascertainment of cause-specific mortality in COPD: operations of the TORCH Clinical Endpoint Committee Thorax, May 1, 2007; 62(5): 411 - 415. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. R. Sutherland Inhaled Steroids and Outcomes in COPD: Progressing Beyond FEV1 Chest, March 1, 2007; 131(3): 648 - 649. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. M.A. Calverley, J. A. Anderson, B. Celli, G. T. Ferguson, C. Jenkins, P. W. Jones, J. C. Yates, J. Vestbo, and the TORCH investigators Salmeterol and Fluticasone Propionate and Survival in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease N. Engl. J. Med., February 22, 2007; 356(8): 775 - 789. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. F. Rabe Treating COPD -- The TORCH Trial, P Values, and the Dodo N. Engl. J. Med., February 22, 2007; 356(8): 851 - 854. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Shafazand Review: long acting {beta}2 adrenoceptor agonists are effective in poorly reversible chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Evid. Based Med., February 1, 2007; 12(1): 12 - 12. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Shafazand Review: anticholinergics but not {beta}2 agonists reduce exacerbations requiring hospital admission and respiratory deaths in COPD Evid. Based Med., February 1, 2007; 12(1): 13 - 13. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. D. Sin, N. R. Anthonisen, J. B. Soriano, and A. G. Agusti Mortality in COPD: role of comorbidities Eur. Respir. J., December 1, 2006; 28(6): 1245 - 1257. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D M Mannino Underdiagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in England: new country, same story. Thorax, December 1, 2006; 61(12): 1032 - 1034. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. D. Sullivan and A. Briggs Improving Survival in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Assessing the Value of Life-Saving Therapy Proceedings of the ATS, September 1, 2006; 3(7): 617 - 618. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. M. G. Halpin and M. Miravitlles Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: The Disease and Its Burden to Society Proceedings of the ATS, September 1, 2006; 3(7): 619 - 623. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. D. Sin and S. F. P. Man Pharmacotherapy for Mortality Reduction in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Proceedings of the ATS, September 1, 2006; 3(7): 624 - 629. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. F. Rabe Guidelines for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Treatment and Issues of Implementation Proceedings of the ATS, September 1, 2006; 3(7): 641 - 644. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R Stirling Inhaled corticosteroids and mortality in COPD: are we there yet? Thorax, August 1, 2006; 61(8): 735 - 735. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. M. Fabbri, F. Luppi, B. Beghe, and K. F. Rabe Update in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2005. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., May 15, 2006; 173(10): 1056 - 1065. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. K. Leidy Evolving Concepts in the Measurement of Treatment Effects Proceedings of the ATS, May 1, 2006; 3(3): 212 - 217. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Gartlehner, R. A. Hansen, S. S. Carson, and K. N. Lohr Efficacy and Safety of Inhaled Corticosteroids in Patients With COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Health Outcomes Ann. Fam. Med, May 1, 2006; 4(3): 253 - 262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. C. Barnes, Y.-S. Qiu, I. D. Pavord, D. Parker, P. A. Davis, J. Zhu, M. Johnson, N. C. Thomson, P. K. Jeffery, and on behalf of the SCO30005 Study Group Antiinflammatory Effects of Salmeterol/Fluticasone Propionate in Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., April 1, 2006; 173(7): 736 - 743. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. R. Celli Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: From Unjustified Nihilism to Evidence-based Optimism. Proceedings of the ATS, January 1, 2006; 3(1): 58 - 65. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J A Wedzicha and T A R Seemungal Inhaled corticosteroids in COPD: a light at the end of the tunnel? Thorax, December 1, 2005; 60(12): 977 - 978. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. F. Donohue Combination Therapy for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Clinical Aspects Proceedings of the ATS, November 1, 2005; 2(4): 272 - 281. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J J Soler-Cataluna, M A Martinez-Garcia, P Roman Sanchez, E Salcedo, M Navarro, and R Ochando Severe acute exacerbations and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Thorax, November 1, 2005; 60(11): 925 - 931. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. A. Kiri, N. B. Pride, J. B. Soriano, and J. Vestbo Inhaled Corticosteroids in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Results from Two Observational Designs Free of Immortal Time Bias Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., August 15, 2005; 172(4): 460 - 464. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Mannino Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 2025: where are we headed? Eur. Respir. J., August 1, 2005; 26(2): 189 - 189. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Buhl and S. G. Farmer Future Directions in the Pharmacologic Therapy of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Proceedings of the ATS, April 1, 2005; 2(1): 83 - 93. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. F. Donohue and J. A. Ohar Effects of Corticosteroids on Lung Function in Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Proceedings of the ATS, November 1, 2004; 1(3): 152 - 160. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |