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Lung and thorax development during adolescence: relationship with pubertal status

¹ Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, and ² Laboratory of Endocrinology, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand Trousseau, and ³ Dept of Biostatistics, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France

CORRESPONDENCE: M. Boulé, Laboratoire de Physiologie Respiratoire, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand Trousseau, Avenue du Dr Arnold Netter, 26, 75012, Paris, France. Fax: 33 1 44736336. E-mail: michele.boule@trs.ap­hop­paris.fr

Keywords: adolescence, diffusing capacity, lung growth, reference values, thoracic volume index

Received: January 29, 2001
Accepted June 9, 2002

The aim of the present study was to define reference values for lung volumes and the lung transfer factor for carbon monoxide (T_L,CO) for an adolescent population using thoracic volume index (TVI) and an index of pubertal stage in order to account for the variation in growth pattern between adolescents.

TVI, pubertal stage by Tanner scale (PST), time since menarche, functional residual capacity measured using the helium­dilution technique, vital capacity, total lung capacity and T_L,CO measured using a steady­state method were determined in 51 males (aged 13–20 yrs; PST T3–T5) and 52 females (aged 13–18 yrs; PST T2–T4; all but three had already undergone menarche).

In male adolescents, height, weight, TVI, lung volumes and T_L,CO increased with age. This was not the case in female adolescents. In males, the TVI was the independent variable that best correlated with pulmonary volumes. In females, height was the independent variable that best correlated with pulmonary volumes. In both sexes, the variable that best correlated with T_L,CO was PST, associated with height in males.

This cross­sectional study provides prediction equations for lung volumes and the lung transfer factor for carbon monoxide taking into account thoracic volume index and pubertal stage. It shows that, in adolescent males, lung and thoracic development occurs during and until the end of puberty. Conversely, in adolescent females, lung development is almost finished following menarche.

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