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Copyright ©ERS Journals Ltd 2002
Sex-related interactive effect of smoking and household pets on asthma incidence
1 Dept of Epidemiology and Community Medicine and 2 Dept of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
CORRESPONDENCE: Y. Chen, Dept of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1H 8M5. Fax: 1 6135625465. E-mail: ychen@uottawa.ca
Keywords: asthma, interaction, longitudinal study, pets, sex, smoking
Received: August 16, 2001
Accepted April 27, 2002
This study was supported by a National Health Research and Development Programme grant (6606-06-1998/2640023). Y. Chen currently holds a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Investigator Award. D. Krewski is the NSERC/SSHRC/McLaughlin Chair in Population Health Risk Assessment at the University of Ottawa.
The authors examined the interactive effect of smoking and pets at home on the incidence of asthma and the difference between sexes.
The longitudinal data from the first two cycles of the National Population Health Survey, conducted in Canada, were used. A total of 12,636 subjects who reported no asthma at baseline were included in the analysis.
The 2-yr cumulative incidence of asthma was higher in females than in males. Female sex and household pets demonstrated a significant interaction in the development of asthma. After adjustment for age, immigration and history of allergy, the odds ratio for smoking in relation to the asthma incidence was 2.50 (95% confidence interval: 1.24–5.05) for females who had pets at home and close to unity for those who had no pets. The incidence of asthma was not associated with smoking status and household pets in males.
These results indicate that smoking, having pets at home and other environmental factors can partly explain asthma morbidity among female Canadians.
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