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1 University Children's Hospital, Vienna, Austria. 2 Dept of Lung Disease, St Johann Hospital, Salzburg, Austria. 3 Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
CORRESPONDENCE: T. Frischer, University Children's Hospital Vienna, Waehringerguertel 1820, 1090, Vienna, Austria. Fax: 43 1404003189. E-mail: thomas.frischer@akh-wien.ac.at
Keywords: air pollution, cohort study, lung-function growth, particulate matter, schoolchildren
Received: April 14, 2001
Accepted December 14, 2001
The effects of particulate matter <10 µm in diameter (PM10) and other air pollutants on lung function were assessed in 975 schoolchildren, from eight communities in Lower Austria between 19941997. In each community, air pollution data were collected. Spirometry was performed twice a year. PM10 concentration (mean concentration between two subsequent lung-function measures in spring and autumn (summer interval) or between autumn and spring (winter interval)) showed a mean value of 17.36 µg·m3 in the summer interval and 21.03 µg·m3 in the winter interval. A slower increase in the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and midexpiratory flow between 25 and 75% of the forced vital capacity (MEF2575) with age in children exposed to higher summer PM10 was observed in the 3-yr study period. After adjusting for potential confounders (sex, atopy, passive smoking, initial height, height difference, site, initial lung function) an increase of summer PM10 by 10 µg·m3 was associated with a decrease in FEV1 growth of 84 mL·yr1 and 329 mL·s1·yr1 for MEF2575. Nitrogen dioxide and ozone also showed a negative effect on lung-function growth, confirming previous work.
The authors concluded that long-term exposure to particulate matter <10 µm in diameter had a significant negative effect on lung-function proxy for the development of large (forced expiratory volume in one second) and small (midexpiratory flow between 25 and 75% of the forced vital capacity) airways, respectively, with strong evidence for a further effect of ozone and nitrogen dioxide on the development of forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one second.
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