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Lung dendritic cells and host immunity to infection

Dept of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands

CORRESPONDENCE: B.N. Lambrecht, Dept of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Erasmus University Rotterdam (Room Ee2263), Dr. Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Fax: 31 104089453

Keywords: dendritic cells, immunology, infection, lymphocytes, pathogenesis

Received: March 22, 2001
Accepted May 8, 2001

Abstract

The lung is a portal of entry for numerous microbial pathogens, against which evolution has created an adequate innate and adaptive immune response. Dendritic cells (DCs) are central to the integration of innate and specific immunity. These cells are located within the epithelium and interstitium of the lung where they are influenced by the innate immune system.

Upon recognition and internalization of microbial antigens, DCs migrate to the draining lymph nodes of the lung to initiate the specific cellular and humoral immune response. By their capacity to integrate stimuli derived from the pathogen, the host and the environment, they are specialized to induce a protective immune response while at the same time avoiding damage to the host.

It is becoming increasingly clear that dendritic cells are involved in the induction of immunity to viruses, bacteria, mycobacteria and fungi. Some pathogens subvert the function of dendritic cells to escape immune recognition. Not surprisingly, if dendritic cell function fails, the consequence for the host is immunodeficiency.

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