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Copyright ©ERS Journals Ltd 2001
Lung mucosal immunity: immunoglobulin-A revisited
Unit of Experimental Medicine, Christian de Duve Institute of Cellular Pathology (ICP), University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
CORRESPONDENCE: Y. Sibille, Unité de Médecine expérimentale, 74 avenue Hippocrate BP 7430, 1200, Bruxelles, Belgique. Fax: 32 81423352
Keywords: Fc
R, immunoglobulin-A, mucosal immunity, polymeric immunoglobulin receptor
Received: March 22, 2001
Accepted May 8, 2001
C. Pilette is currently Aspirant of the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (Belgium) and Y. Ouadrhiri is supported by the Fondation Lancardis (Switzerland).
Abstract
Mucosal defence mechanisms are critical in preventing colonization of the respiratory tract by pathogens and penetration of antigens through the epithelial barrier. Recent research has now illustrated the active contribution of the respiratory epithelium to the exclusion of microbes and particles, but also to the control of the inflammatory and immune responses in the airways and in the alveoli. Epithelial cells also mediate the active transport of polymeric immunoglobulin-A from the lamina propria to the airway lumen through the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor. The role of IgA in the defence of mucosal surfaces has now expanded from a limited role of scavenger of exogenous material to a broader protective function with potential applications in immunotherapy. In addition, the recent identification of receptors for IgA on the surface of blood leukocytes and alveolar macrophages provides an additional mechanism of interaction between the cellular and humoral immune systems at the level of the respiratory tract.
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