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Copyright ©ERS Journals Ltd 2001
Prevalence of nasal symptoms and their relation to self-reported asthma and chronic bronchitis/emphysema
1 Dept of Community Health Sciences, 2 Dept of Otorhinolaryngology, 3 Dept of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Umeå University, Sweden. 4 Dept of Respiratory Medicine, and 5 Dept of Clinical Pharmacology, Lund University
CORRESPONDENCE: C. Persson, Dept of Clinical Pharmacology, Lund University Hospital, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden. Fax: 46 462111987
Keywords: asthma, chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, prevalence, rhinitis
Received: May 15, 2000
Accepted December 17, 2000
This work was supported by the Swedish Medical Research Council, The Vårdal Foundation and Draco.
Little information is available on associations between rhinitis and chronic bronchitis/emphysema (CBE).
Self-reported upper airway symptoms, asthma, and CBE were examined in 12,079 adults living in southern Sweden.
The response rate was 70% (n=8,469), of whom 33% reported significant nasal symptoms: a blocked nose was reported by 21%; sneezing by 18%; nasal discharge by 17%; and thick yellow nasal discharge by 5.7%. Nasal symptoms and combined nasal and self-reported bronchial disease were generally more common among smokers than nonsmokers. There was little overlap between asthma and CBE, but 46% of those with asthma and 40% of those with CBE had significant nasal symptoms. Best predicting factors (odds ratios >3) for asthma and CBE were nasal symptoms due to exposure to animals and damp/cold air, respectively.
One-third of an adult, southern Swedish population, had significant allergic and/or nonallergic nasal symptoms. Nasal symptoms were frequently found to coexist with both asthma and chronic bronchitis/emphysema, suggesting that pan-airway engagement is common in both diseases. Differing associations between types of nasal symptoms and allergic and irritant triggers of nasal symptoms, with regard to asthma and chronic bronchitis/emphysema, emphasize the different natures of these bronchial diseases.
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